Citharinus

Citharinus is a genus with 6 species in this atlas, catalogued in the Piranhas & Pacus section, recorded from Democratic Republic of the Congo, Benin, Chad and 15 more countries. Adult sizes run from 7 in to 33 in. Every species below links to a full researched profile.

Species in atlas
6
Adult sizes
7–33 in
IUCN assessed
6 of 6
Recorded from
18 countries

About the genus

Citharinus is a genus of large, deep-bodied African characiforms in the family Citharinidae, often called moonfish or citharinids. Species occur across major African river systems spanning the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Benin, Chad, Egypt, Niger, the Republic of the Congo, Senegal, and Tanzania - a range that touches both the Congo and Nile basins. Atlas species are large by tetra-relative standards, from about 7 in up to 33 in, with a laterally compressed, silvery body that superficially resembles an oversized silver dollar.

Citharinus species are primarily algae and detritus grazers, using specialized dentition to feed low on the food web, and they are a significant food fish across much of their African range, supporting artisanal and commercial fisheries. They are essentially absent from the aquarium hobby - their adult size and grazing habits make them impractical for home aquaria, and they are kept, if at all, only in very large public or research systems. Conservation status across the genus is uniformly reassuring: all six atlas species are assessed as Least Concern, consistent with their wide distribution and importance as a managed, harvested resource rather than a threatened one.

IUCN Red List: Least Concern · 6

The 6 species

Every Citharinus recorded in this atlas. Each card links to a full researched profile — distribution, water parameters, and aquarium care, cited to primary sources.

(Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809)

Moon fish, Citharine, Mleke

23 in SL · LC

Boulenger, 1897

Congo citharinid

17 in TL · LC

Daget, 1962

7 in SL · LC

Boulenger, 1899

Lake Tanganyika citharine, Congo citharine

24 in TL · LC

Müller & Troschel, 1844

African moon fish, Moon fish

33 in SL · LC

Boulenger, 1899

29.5 in SL · LC

Explore further

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Genus Citharinus. Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/citharinus/

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