Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid"Pyramid peacock

Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid" (Luwala Reef)

4 cited sources

CARESCRITICALLY ENDANGERED
Genus type speciesAulonocara nyassaeRegan 1922
Scientific size4.5 in12 cm total length
Temperature75–82 °F24–28 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardness (GH)up to 446 ppm
Depth33–98 ft10–30 m
DietSand-sifting micro-invertivore via ampullary lateral-line pores (inferred from genus anatomy; actual feeding behaviour undocumented)
Breedingmaternal mouthbroodernot documented for this form
Sexual dimorphismYesPresumed present in the general peacock manner but poorly documented; the form is distinguished by a very large eye, long snout, and flat lower-body profile, resembling a small A. brevinidus.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →

Water attributes — Lake Malawi

About Luwala Reef →

Where this fish is found in the wild — the water body's own measured chemistry and character, not aquarium care advice. Temperature is satellite-measured near this collection point; chemistry is the lake's own.

Surface temp75–81 °FApr–Nov · coolest Julsatellite 1995–2023, within 10 km
pH8.2–8.6alkaline
Hardnessmoderately soft79 ppm
Clarity (Secchi)66 ft20 m
Water characterRift lake →MeromicticExploreLake Malawi →700–1,000+ cichlid species
73°76°79°82°Jan: too few clear satellite days (1)–JFeb: too few clear satellite days (3)–FMar: too few clear satellite days (8)–MApr: 79 °F mean (77 °F–82 °F), 40 clear satellite daysAMay: 78 °F mean (76 °F–80 °F), 158 clear satellite daysMJun: 76 °F mean (75 °F–78 °F), 216 clear satellite daysJJul: 75 °F mean (73 °F–76 °F), 233 clear satellite daysJAug: 75 °F mean (74 °F–76 °F), 284 clear satellite daysASep: 76 °F mean (75 °F–78 °F), 289 clear satellite daysSOct: 79 °F mean (77 °F–82 °F), 154 clear satellite daysONov: 81 °F mean (78 °F–83 °F), 66 clear satellite daysNDec: too few clear satellite days (7)–D
Surface temperature by month near Luwala Reef — dot = mean, bar = typical range (10th–90th percentile), “–” = too cloudy to measure.

Temperature: ESA Climate Change Initiative, Lakes_cci v3.0 (Asfour et al. 2026; doi:10.5285/a56dba09df8a42ec9fba8b8c7a5e1f69).

For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature75.2–82.4 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardnessup to 446 ppm

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium75-gallon48 × 18 × 21 in · 75 gal (284 L)

Aquascape & setup

Moderately soft, alkaline, well-buffered water, as the cited chemistry of Lake Malawi describes it — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid" is an undescribed peacock cichlid from Lake Malawi — recognised in the field by Ad Konings but never formally named, with no describing author, no year, and no scientific catalogue entry. It is one of the lake's most elusive peacocks: an elongate, large-eyed, long-snouted fish of open sand, seen only occasionally and mixed in with the foraging schools of other peacocks. It resembles a small Aulonocara brevinidus but is set apart by its proportionally larger eye and longer snout, and its enlarged head pores leave no doubt that it belongs among the Aulonocara peacocks. Documented from a handful of localities and never exported for the aquarium hobby, it should be treated strictly as a documented field form rather than a described species.

What's in the name

Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid" — aw-lon-oh-KAR-ah, form "PEER-uh-mid"

Descriptive nameA descriptive epithet — neither an eponym nor a place name.
Aulonocara
  • aulosGreek — pipe or tube
  • karaGreek — head — together referring to the enlarged tube-like sensory canals and pores in the head that characterize the genus
"Pyramid"
  • Pyramidinformal — a trade/collection name, not a Latin epithet, applied to this rarely seen elongate peacock. As an undescribed form it has no formal species name.

Taxonomy & naming

Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid" is not a formally described species. It has no binomial scientific name, no describing author, no year of publication, and no entry in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes, because no taxonomist has yet published a description of it. It is an informal taxon recognised in the field literature, principally through the work of Ad Konings in his Malawi cichlid books and on the Cichlid Room Companion, and catalogued on the malawi.si species database. The placeholder name follows the standard convention for undescribed Malawi cichlids: the genus Aulonocara, the abbreviation "sp.", and an informal trade tag in quotation marks. Konings places it firmly within Aulonocara despite its unusual proportions, because it carries the genus's diagnostic enlarged cephalic sensory pores — the widened lateral-line canals of the head that define the peacocks. In overall shape it resembles a small Aulonocara brevinidus, an elongate sand-dwelling peacock, but it differs in its proportionally larger eye and longer snout. Because it is so rarely observed, much of its biology remains unknown, and until a formal revision is published no authority or date should ever be attached to it.

Morphology

This is an elongate peacock, distinctly slimmer than the deep-bodied yellow and blue peacocks of the hobby, and it is distinguished by a combination of features: a very large eye, a long snout, and a flat lower-body profile. It reaches about 4.5 in in total length. The body recalls a small Aulonocara brevinidus, and the surest way to separate the two is the eye and snout — the Pyramid form has a proportionally larger eye and a longer snout than brevinidus. The head, as in all Aulonocara, carries the enlarged sensory pores that mark the genus and confirm its placement among the peacocks. Because the fish is so seldom seen, fine details of its coloration and of any sexual dimorphism are not well documented; it is presumed to follow the general peacock pattern of more strongly coloured males, but this has not been recorded in detail.

Habitat

Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid" is an open-sand peacock. It has been observed over sandy bottoms, often mixed in with foraging schools of other Aulonocara — alongside Aulonocara maylandi at Luwala Reef and Aulonocara kandeense at Kande Island. Its documented distribution spans Kande Island, Luwala Reef, and the southeastern arm of Lake Malawi, a scattered set of localities rather than a single reef. The water across this range is the warm, alkaline, well-buffered medium typical of Lake Malawi's open sandy zones. Beyond these few observations, little is recorded about its preferred depth or microhabitat, because the fish is encountered only rarely and tends to be seen amid the schools of commoner, more conspicuous peacocks rather than on its own.

Feeding

Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid" carries the enlarged cephalic sensory pores that define the peacock genus, the widened lateral-line canals used by these fish to detect invertebrates buried in the sand — so it can be assumed to be a sand-sifting invertivore in the genus mould, hovering above the substrate and listening through its head pores for buried prey before darting down to take a mouthful of sand. Its feeding behaviour has not, however, been directly documented: the fish is so rarely observed that its actual foraging habits remain unknown. The honest statement is that its anatomy places it among the sand-sifting peacocks, but that this has not been confirmed by observation in the wild.

Mating

The mating and social behaviour of Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid" are unknown. The fish is seen only occasionally, usually as scattered individuals mixed into the foraging schools of other peacocks rather than as a recognisable lek of territory-holding males, and no courtship, territoriality, or social structure has been documented for it. By analogy with the rest of the genus it would be expected to be polygynous and lek-like, with no pair bond and with colour-holding males visited by ripe females, but none of this has been observed and recorded for this particular form. It is one of the genuine blanks in the natural history of the lake's peacocks.

Breeding

Like all Lake Malawi haplochromines, Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid" is understood to be a maternal mouthbrooder, in which the female takes the eggs into her mouth immediately after laying and broods them there until the fry are free-swimming, with no male or post-release parental care. Beyond that genus-level certainty, however, its breeding biology is entirely undocumented: spawning sites, clutch size, and brooding period have never been described, because breeding individuals are essentially never seen. The form has never been kept or bred in captivity, so there are no aquarium accounts to fill the gap either. The reasonable expectation is that it spawns over sand in the general peacock manner, but this remains an inference rather than an observation.

In the aquarium

Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid" is not an aquarium fish. It has never been exported for the hobby, it is very rarely observed even in the wild, and there is no body of husbandry experience for it whatsoever. A keeper will not encounter this form for sale, and any keeping advice would be pure extrapolation from other open-sand peacocks.

If — hypothetically — the fish were ever collected and kept, its requirements would presumably follow the open-sand peacock template: a fine sand substrate of at least 2 in over which it could forage, a footprint of at least 49 in, and a few rocks for structure. Water chemistry would need to mirror Lake Malawi's sandy zones: temperature in the mid-20s Celsius, pH on the alkaline side of neutral (roughly 7.7 to 8.6), and well-buffered water. A single male with several females would be the safest arrangement, and the standard varied peacock diet — a quality cichlid pellet or flake supplemented with small frozen or live invertebrates, with fatty foods avoided to prevent bloat — would apply. But all of this is theoretical; in practice this is a fish of the open lake that aquarists do not keep.

Conservation

Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid" has not been evaluated by the IUCN, and as an undescribed form without a formal scientific name it has no Red List assessment of any kind — no status, no category, no published criteria. So little is known about the fish that even a basic picture of its abundance is lacking: it is recorded from a scattered handful of localities — Kande Island, Luwala Reef, and the southeastern arm — and is described as very rarely observed. It has never been collected for the trade, so it faces no pressure from aquarium demand. The honest position is simply that it is unassessed and very poorly known, that its true range and abundance are uncertain, and that no fabricated conservation status should ever be attached to it.

Common questions

Pyramid peacock (Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid"): how big does it get?
Up to 4.5 in total length (TL).
Pyramid peacock (Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid"): what water temperature does it need?
The atlas records 75–82 °F for this species.
Pyramid peacock (Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid"): what water chemistry suits it?
pH 7.7–8.6, general hardness (GH) up to 25 °dH.
Pyramid peacock (Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid"): where does it come from?
It is recorded from Malawi.

On a list: Hard and alkaline water fish

Biotope tank mates

Atlas fish recorded from the same waters, whose recorded temperature and pH ranges overlap this one’s and whose adults are within twice its size. A shortlist to research, not a stocking plan: temperament, territory and diet are not checked. Other genera only, since cichlids of one genus can hybridise in captivity.

Sources

  1. malawi.si — Aulonocara sp. 'pyramid' Luwala Reef (Konings-based species database; distribution, morphology, open-sand habitat, never exported)
  2. Cichlid Room Companion — Aulonocara genus and undescribed forms (Ad Konings, curator)
  3. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat (Cichlid Press; foremost Malawi authority, recognises sp. 'pyramid')
  4. MalawiCichlids.com — Aulonocara genus overview (M.K. Oliver; sand-dwelling peacock biology)

Last reviewed 2026-06-10.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Aulonocara sp. "Pyramid". Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/aulonocara-sp-pyramid/

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Where it has been recorded

1 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 1
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