Otopharynx sp. "Ovatus Likoma"

CARESNOT LISTED
Scientific size7 in18 cm total length
Temperature75–81 °F24–27 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardness (GH)very hardup to 357 ppm
Depth16–82 ft5–25 m
DietPresumed paedophage on trade-name affinity to O. ovatus — takes eggs and larvae from mouthbrooding females and spawning pairs in midwater; not directly documented for this form.
Breedingmaternal mouthbroodernot documented for this form; modest, genus-typical
Sexual dimorphismYesDichromatism assumed on general Malawi cichlid grounds, with breeding males taking on blue and yellow tones typical of the flock; the specific pattern for this form is not documented.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →
For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature75.2–80.6 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardnessvery hardup to 357 ppm

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium125-gallon72 × 18 × 23 in · 125 gal (473 L)

Aquascape & setup

Hard, alkaline, well-buffered water of the kind that defines Lake Malawi — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Biotope tankmates

Other fish recorded from Lake Malawi, of broadly compatible size — a starting shortlist, not a stocking plan. Always check temperament and territory before mixing.

Hybridization watchi

Otopharynx sp. "Ovatus Likoma" is an undescribed cichlid recorded at Membe Point, near Likoma Island in Lake Malawi. Its trade name links it to Otopharynx ovatus, a formally described relative and one of the few members of its genus that hunts eggs and larvae in midwater rather than foraging over the bottom, and marks it as a distinct population found near Likoma rather than at the southern-lake localities where O. ovatus itself is typically recorded.

What's in the name

Otopharynx sp. "Ovatus Likoma"oh-toh-FAIR-inks, species "oh-VAH-tus lee-KOH-mah"

Descriptive nameA descriptive epithet — neither an eponym nor a place name.
Otopharynx
  • otosGreekear
  • pharynxGreekthroat — together referring to features of the pharyngeal (throat) bones used in the genus's original description
ovatus
  • ovatusLatinegg-shaped, ovate — the species name of the described relative O. ovatus, referring to its body outline
"Likoma"
  • Likomaplace name (Malawi)Membe Point, near Likoma Island, used as a locality qualifier for this population. As an undescribed form it has no formal species name.

Taxonomy & naming

Otopharynx sp. "Ovatus Likoma" has no describing author, no publication date, and no entry under a validated name in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes. The trade name follows the standard convention for undescribed cichlids allied to a known species: the genus, a reference to Otopharynx ovatus (Trewavas, 1935) — Latin ovatus, "egg-shaped," for its deep, ovate body outline — and a locality qualifier, "Likoma," for Membe Point near Likoma Island, well north of the southern-lake localities where O. ovatus was described and is typically recorded. The genus Otopharynx, raised by Regan in 1920, was diagnosed by Oliver (2018) around a melanic pattern of three discrete dark blotches — a suprapectoral spot, a supra-anal spot, and a spot on the caudal peduncle — a pattern O. ovatus shares with several other described Otopharynx. Whether this Likoma-area population is a genuine northern range extension of O. ovatus or a distinct, closely allied form has not been resolved by any published study, and no authority or date should be attached to it.

Morphology

Detailed morphometrics specific to this population have not been published, but its trade name points to the deep, ovate, laterally compressed body outline that gives O. ovatus its species name, along with the three-blotch melanic pattern — a suprapectoral spot, a supra-anal spot, and a spot on the caudal peduncle — that Michael Oliver used to diagnose the wider Otopharynx genus in his 2018 revision. O. ovatus itself is among the larger members of its genus, reaching roughly 8 in total length; whether this Likoma-area population reaches a comparable size has not been documented. Sexual dichromatism is expected on general Malawi cichlid grounds, with breeding males taking on the metallic blue and yellow tones typical of the Malawi flock while females and non-territorial males remain plainer.

Habitat

The form is recorded from a single point, Membe Point, near Likoma Island — a large Malawian island out in the open lake, well north of the southern-lake localities where O. ovatus is typically documented. O. ovatus itself is described as hovering in midwater over rock or sand rather than resting on the bottom, a position suited to a fish watching for spawning activity below, and this population is presumed to occupy a broadly similar habitat around Likoma's rocky drop-offs, though the precise depth range for this specific form has not been published. Surrounding water follows the general Lake Malawi profile — warm, hard, and alkaline.

Feeding

Otopharynx ovatus is a paedophage, a specialist egg-and-larvae thief that cruises in midwater watching for mouthbrooding females and spawning pairs before darting in to snatch eggs or larvae from them — a habit Konings notes as unusual for the genus, since every other described Otopharynx is understood to forage over the bottom rather than in open water. Otopharynx sp. "Ovatus Likoma" is presumed to share this feeding strategy given its trade-name affinity to ovatus, though no feeding study has been published for this Likoma-area population specifically, and the presumption rests on that affinity rather than direct observation.

Mating

Breeding behaviour has not been documented specifically for this form. As in the wider Lake Malawi haplochromine assemblage, a mature male in nuptial colour is expected to hold a territory or display site and court females with lateral displays and quivering, with the male's anal-fin eggspots mediating fertilisation as the female snaps at them while laying. No locality-specific field account of courtship exists for this form.

Breeding

As in all Lake Malawi haplochromines, reproduction is by maternal mouthbrooding: the female incubates the fertilised eggs in her mouth, fasting throughout, for roughly three weeks before releasing free-swimming fry that she continues to shelter when threatened. There is a certain irony in a lineage built around egg-theft relying, like its own prey, on oral incubation to protect its offspring. Clutch size and brooding duration have not been documented specifically for this form; genus-typical figures suggest a modest clutch of a few dozen eggs.

In the aquarium

Otopharynx sp. "Ovatus Likoma" is a rare fish in the aquarium trade. Its presumed paedophagous habits — inferred from its trade-name affinity to O. ovatus, not directly documented for this population — make it a poor choice for a community breeding tank, since it would be expected to raid the broods of tankmates given the opportunity. A tank should provide a sand-and-rock habitat with generous open swimming space, since this is a fish that, by its ovatus affinity, likely spends much of its time hovering in midwater rather than resting on the bottom. Water chemistry should follow the Lake Malawi standard — hard and alkaline, pH roughly 7.7 to 8.6, temperature 75–82 °F. Diet in captivity should be a carnivorous, protein-rich mix of quality pellets and meaty frozen foods.

Conservation

Otopharynx sp. "Ovatus Likoma" has not been evaluated by the IUCN and, as an undescribed form, has no Red List status of any kind. Its documented range is limited to a single point near Likoma Island; the described O. ovatus itself was assessed Least Concern in 2018, but that assessment does not extend to this distinct, undescribed population. In the absence of a dedicated assessment, caution rather than either alarm or reassurance is the appropriate stance.

Sources

  1. malawi.si — Otopharynx sp. "ovatus likoma" (Konings-based species database; Membe Point record)
  2. FishBase — Otopharynx ovatus (Trewavas, 1935): size, midwater habit, paedophagous diet
  3. Oliver, M.K., 2018 — Six New Species of the Cichlid Genus Otopharynx from Lake Malaŵi (genus diagnosis; three-blotch melanic pattern)
  4. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat (Cichlid Press; O. ovatus as the sole midwater-foraging Otopharynx)

Last reviewed 2026-07-23.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Otopharynx sp. "Ovatus Likoma". Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/otopharynx-sp-ovatus-likoma/

Where it has been recorded

1 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 1
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