Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore"

Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore" (South East Arm)

3 cited sources

CARESNOT LISTED
Genus type speciesPlacidochromis longimanusdescribed as Haplochromis longimanus Trewavas 1935
Scientific size6 in15 cm total length
Temperature75–82 °F24–28 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardness (GH)up to 357 ppm
Depth16–82 ft5–25 m
DietReported by trade name to be more predatory than typical Placidochromis; specifics not documented in a published feeding study.
Breedingmaternal mouthbroodernot documented for this form
Sexual dimorphismNot documentedNot documented for this form.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →

Water attributes — Lake Malawi

About South East Arm →

Where this fish is found in the wild — the water body's own measured chemistry and character, not aquarium care advice. Temperature is satellite-measured near this collection point; chemistry is the lake's own.

Surface temp73–81 °FMar–Nov · coolest Julsatellite 1995–2023, within 10 km
pH8.2–8.6alkaline
Hardnessmoderately soft79 ppm
Clarity (Secchi)66 ft20 m
Water characterRift lake →MeromicticExploreLake Malawi →700–1,000+ cichlid species
71°75°79°83°Jan: too few clear satellite days (1)–JFeb: too few clear satellite days (2)–FMar: 80 °F mean (77 °F–83 °F), 11 clear satellite daysMApr: 78 °F mean (75 °F–80 °F), 58 clear satellite daysAMay: 76 °F mean (75 °F–78 °F), 189 clear satellite daysMJun: 75 °F mean (73 °F–77 °F), 239 clear satellite daysJJul: 73 °F mean (72 °F–74 °F), 246 clear satellite daysJAug: 74 °F mean (72 °F–75 °F), 305 clear satellite daysASep: 76 °F mean (74 °F–78 °F), 300 clear satellite daysSOct: 79 °F mean (76 °F–81 °F), 176 clear satellite daysONov: 81 °F mean (78 °F–83 °F), 72 clear satellite daysNDec: too few clear satellite days (9)–D
Surface temperature by month near South East Arm — dot = mean, bar = typical range (10th–90th percentile), “–” = too cloudy to measure.

Temperature: ESA Climate Change Initiative, Lakes_cci v3.0 (Asfour et al. 2026; doi:10.5285/a56dba09df8a42ec9fba8b8c7a5e1f69).

For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature75.2–82.4 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardnessup to 357 ppm

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium125-gallon72 × 18 × 23 in · 125 gal (473 L)

Aquascape & setup

Moderately soft, alkaline, well-buffered water, as the cited chemistry of Lake Malawi describes it — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore" is an undescribed haplochromine recorded from the South East Arm of Lake Malawi. Its trade name is understood among collectors to flag more markedly predatory feeding habits than the typically gentle invertivory of most Placidochromis, though no published feeding study confirms the details. It has not been given a formal scientific description.

What's in the name

Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore" — PLASS-ih-doh-KROH-mis, trade name "KAR-nih-vor"

Descriptive nameA descriptive epithet — neither an eponym nor a place name.
Placidochromis
  • placidusLatin — calm / peaceful, ironically at odds with this population's trade name
  • chromisGreek — a fish name used broadly as a root for cichlid-type genera
"Carnivore"
  • carnivorusLatin — flesh-eating — a collector's behavioural qualifier rather than a formal epithet, flagging more predatory feeding habits than the genus norm. As an undescribed form it has no formal species name

Taxonomy & naming

Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore" has no describing author, no type specimen, and no listing in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes. The trade name is a departure from the usual Malawi convention of naming forms after colour or locality; instead it flags a behavioural trait, implying that collectors regard this population as notably more predatory in its feeding than the typical Placidochromis, a genus whose name (from Latin placidus, "calm") and general reputation both point toward gentle, unhurried invertivores rather than active hunters. No published study has assigned this population to a specific described relative or confirmed the feeding behaviour implied by its name, and none is claimed here beyond what the name itself suggests.

Morphology

No formal description of this form's colour pattern or measurements exists, and none is invented here. Placidochromis species with more piscivorous or predatory habits than the genus norm sometimes show a somewhat more elongate body and larger mouth than the typical sand-picking members of the genus, a pattern seen convergently across several Malawi haplochromine lineages adapted for taking small fish or larger invertebrate prey; whether this form fits that pattern has not been documented. Genus-typical size for Placidochromis runs roughly 4.5–8 in total length; no specific measurement exists for this population.

Habitat

The South East Arm is a large, mostly sand- and mud-floored bay in the southeastern corner of Lake Malawi, generally shallower and less rocky than the classic mbuna reefs further north, and a productive ground for a range of open-water and sand-associated species, including several other named Placidochromis field forms recorded from the same general area. No dedicated habitat survey specific to this population has been published.

Feeding

This is the one area where the trade name itself carries direct information: collectors know this form as "Carnivore," implying markedly predatory feeding behaviour relative to the mostly invertivorous or, in some species, herbivorous norm for the genus. No published feeding study has documented the specifics — whether it takes small fish, larger invertebrates, or simply forages more aggressively than typical Placidochromis — and nothing beyond the name's implication is asserted here.

Mating

No courtship account has been published for this form. As with essentially all Lake Malawi haplochromines, it is expected to be a maternal mouthbrooder in which males hold a display territory and court females with lateral displays, following the broad pattern documented across the non-mbuna "hap" radiation. No locality-specific or behaviourally distinct detail beyond this general expectation is documented.

Breeding

Reproduction is expected to be by maternal mouthbrooding, the near-universal mode across Lake Malawi's cichlid flock: the female alone incubates the fertilised eggs and subsequent fry in her mouth for several weeks, without normal feeding, before releasing free-swimming young with no further parental role for the male. No clutch size or brooding duration has been documented for this form; larger, more predatory non-mbuna haplochromines in the lake sometimes carry somewhat larger clutches than small mbuna, but no figure specific to this population exists.

In the aquarium

This form is not established in the aquarium trade under a well-documented husbandry record. If its trade name reflects a genuinely more predatory feeding style, keepers should plan for a diet including appropriately sized meaty foods and be cautious about tankmates small enough to be taken as prey — a caution that applies generally to any Malawi cichlid with reported piscivorous tendencies, though nothing specific has been confirmed for this population. A tank of at least 59 in with sand substrate and open swimming space, alkaline, well-buffered water matching Lake Malawi (pH roughly 7.7–8.6, temperature 75–82 °F), and efficient filtration would suit a Placidochromis of this general size.

Conservation

Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore" has not been evaluated by the IUCN and, as an undescribed form, carries no Red List status. The South East Arm faces general lake-wide pressures — fishing activity, catchment sedimentation, and shoreline development — that affect Malawi's cichlid fauna broadly, and any narrowly distributed predatory form there would carry the same general exposure as other localised Malawi endemics, absent a formal assessment.

Common questions

Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore": how big does it get?
Up to 6 in total length (TL).
Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore": what water temperature does it need?
The atlas records 75–82 °F for this species.
Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore": what water chemistry suits it?
pH 7.7–8.6, general hardness (GH) up to 20 °dH.
Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore": where does it come from?
It is recorded from Malawi.

On a list: Hard and alkaline water fish

Biotope tank mates

Atlas fish recorded from the same waters, whose recorded temperature and pH ranges overlap this one’s and whose adults are within twice its size. A shortlist to research, not a stocking plan: temperament, territory and diet are not checked. Other genera only, since cichlids of one genus can hybridise in captivity.

Sources

  1. malawi.si — Placidochromis (Konings-based species database; Malawi genus overview)
  2. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat, 5th ed. (Cichlid Press; foremost Malawi field authority)
  3. Cichlid Room Companion — Placidochromis (genus profile)

Last reviewed 2026-07-23.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Placidochromis sp. "Carnivore". Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/placidochromis-sp-carnivore/

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Where it has been recorded

1 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 1
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