Pseudotropheus sp. "Crabro Blue"

CARESNOT LISTED
Scientific size4 in10 cm total length
Temperature75–82 °F24–28 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardness (GH)very hardup to 446 ppm
Depth10–39 ft3–12 m
DietAlgae grazer (Aufwuchs); comb-like unicuspid teeth scrape algal films and associated small invertebrates from rock surfaces.
Breedingmaternal mouthbroodernot documented for this form; expected modest (a few dozen eggs)
Sexual dimorphismYesBreeding males show blue body colouration (the character that names this population); the extent of any residual banding is not documented. Females and subordinate males are plainer.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →
For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature75.2–82.4 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardnessvery hardup to 446 ppm

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium75-gallon48 × 18 × 21 in · 75 gal (284 L)

Aquascape & setup

Hard, alkaline, well-buffered water of the kind that defines Lake Malawi — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Biotope tankmates

Other fish recorded from Lake Malawi, of broadly compatible size — a starting shortlist, not a stocking plan. Always check temperament and territory before mixing.

Hybridization watchi

Pseudotropheus sp. "Crabro Blue" is an undescribed mbuna recorded from Chitande Island and Nkanda on the Tanzanian shore in the far north of Lake Malawi. Its trade name references the described species Pseudotropheus crabro — the "bumblebee" or "hornet" cichlid, named for the black-and-yellow banding of its males — while "Blue" marks this northern population's blue-toned colouration in place of the nominate form's black-and-yellow bands. It is recognised informally in the field and aquarium literature, and no authority, year, FishBase number, or IUCN status should ever be attached to it.

What's in the name

Pseudotropheus sp. "Crabro Blue"soo-doh-troh-FEE-us, form "KRAB-roh bloo"

Descriptive nameA descriptive epithet — neither an eponym nor a place name.
Pseudotropheus
  • pseudo-Greekfalse
  • Tropheusgenus name (Lake Tanganyika)together, "false Tropheus," reflecting an early, superficial resemblance noted between this Lake Malawi genus and the unrelated Lake Tanganyika genus Tropheus when Pseudotropheus was erected
"Crabro"
  • crabroLatinhornet — for the black-and-yellow banded pattern of the described species Pseudotropheus crabro, which this form's trade name references
"Blue"
  • Blueinformal (English)for this northern population's blue body colouration, distinguishing it from the black-and-yellow banded nominate crabro. As an undescribed form it has no formal species name

Taxonomy & naming

Pseudotropheus sp. "Crabro Blue" is not a formally described species. It has no scientific name of its own, no describing author, no year of publication, and no entry in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes, because no taxonomist has published a description establishing it. It is an informal taxon recognised in the field and aquarium literature, principally through Ad Konings's documentation of the far-northern Tanzanian shore. Its trade name references the formally described species Pseudotropheus crabro Ribbink & Lewis, 1982 — the striking black-and-yellow-banded "bumblebee" mbuna, whose type locality lies further south on the Malawian shore — with "Blue" marking this population's differently coloured, blue-toned appearance. This population should be understood as resembling or allied to P. crabro rather than as that species itself; the relationship has not been established by formal study. Pseudotropheus in its modern, narrow sense (following the splitting-off of Maylandia/Metriaclima, Tropheops, Cynotilapia, and other former Pseudotropheus species into separate genera) remains a genus of robust-bodied rock-dwelling mbuna. Until a revision addresses this population directly it should be treated strictly as a Konings-recognised undescribed form, and no authority or date should be attached to it.

Morphology

Pseudotropheus in its modern sense comprises robust-bodied, moderately elongate mbuna with a blunt head and comb-like unicuspid teeth for algae grazing — a similar general build to the described P. crabro, which reaches roughly 3.5–4 in. This population is expected to fall in a similar size range, though no formal measurement exists for it specifically. Consistent with its trade name, breeding males are understood to show blue body colouration, contrasting with the black-and-yellow banded pattern of nominate P. crabro; the extent to which any banding persists in this population, if at all, is not documented in accessible references, so no specific claim is made about it beyond the blue ground colour implied by the name. Females and subordinate males are expected to be plainer, in the typical mbuna pattern of duller, more cryptic non-dominant colouration.

Habitat

This form is recorded from Chitande Island and Nkanda, both on the Tanzanian shore in the far northern part of Lake Malawi — a stretch of coast at the northern limit of the lake's rocky mbuna habitat. As with other Pseudotropheus, it is expected to be strictly rock-associated, grazing algal films from rock surfaces in the shallow-to-moderate depths typical of mbuna habitat. The water column here follows the lake-wide profile: warm, hard, and strongly alkaline, broadly mid-20s Celsius with pH on the alkaline side of neutral. As an undescribed, locality-based form its precise depth range and full distribution beyond the Chitande–Nkanda stretch of coast are not established.

Feeding

Pseudotropheus as a genus are specialised algae grazers, using comb-like unicuspid teeth to scrape algal films and associated small invertebrates ("Aufwuchs") from rock surfaces in well-lit water, the same feeding mode documented for the described P. crabro. No feeding study exists for this population specifically, but this genus-typical herbivore/detritivore mode is the reasonable characterisation absent contrary data.

Mating

Like other Lake Malawi mbuna, Pseudotropheus sp. "Crabro Blue" is presumed polygynous, with males holding and defending small territories on the rock face, courting passing females from these sites while driving off rival males. There is no pair bond. Females move between male territories, choose largely on colour and site quality, and spawn briefly on the rock before departing with the fertilised clutch in the mouth. No behavioural study specific to this undescribed population exists; the account follows the general pattern documented for Pseudotropheus and rock-dwelling mbuna more broadly.

Breeding

Pseudotropheus sp. "Crabro Blue" is a maternal mouthbrooder, as are all Lake Malawi mbuna. After spawning on the rock face, the female carries the fertilised eggs in her mouth for roughly three weeks, feeding little during this period, before releasing free-swimming fry with no further care from either parent. Clutch size has not been documented for this form specifically; by analogy with the similarly sized P. crabro, a modest clutch — likely a few dozen eggs — is a reasonable expectation rather than a measured fact.

In the aquarium

Pseudotropheus sp. "Crabro Blue" is an uncommon aquarium fish, traded mainly through specialist importers working the far-northern Tanzanian shore. Where it is kept, husbandry follows the well-established mbuna template.

Dense, stable rockwork built directly on the tank floor is essential, since this is a strictly rock-associated grazer needing abundant surface area and shelter. A footprint of at least 47 in suits an adult group. Water chemistry should mirror Lake Malawi's profile: temperature in the mid-20s Celsius, pH roughly 7.7–8.6, and moderately hard to hard water, with prolonged soft or acidic conditions avoided. Diet should emphasise vegetable matter — a good spirulina-based flake or pellet as the staple, with algae wafers and blanched vegetables as supplements — reflecting its herbivore/grazer biology; protein-heavy foods should be limited, as herbivorous mbuna are prone to digestive problems on rich diets. As with other mbuna, males are territorial and often aggressive, so a single male with multiple females and adequate rockwork to break sightlines works better than a pair in a small tank. Because it references but is not the same taxon as P. crabro, keepers should not cross it with true crabro stock.

Conservation

Pseudotropheus sp. "Crabro Blue" has not been evaluated by the IUCN, and as an undescribed form without a formal scientific name it has no Red List assessment of any kind. That silence is a statement about taxonomy, not about safety. As a rock-restricted population at the northern limit of the lake's Tanzanian shore, it faces the general pressures typical of that comparatively less-surveyed coast: ornamental collection and the broader basin-wide stresses of sedimentation and fishing pressure. No conservation status should be fabricated for it. The honest statement is that it is unassessed and that its true range and status remain to be established by formal study.

In a guide: Lake Malawi mbuna

Sources

  1. malawi.si — Pseudotropheus species database (Konings-based; distribution, locality records)
  2. Cichlid Room Companion — Pseudotropheus genus profile
  3. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat (Cichlid Press; foremost Malawi authority)

Last reviewed 2026-07-23.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Pseudotropheus sp. "Crabro Blue". Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/pseudotropheus-sp-crabro-blue/

Where it has been recorded

1 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 1
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