Pseudotropheus brevis

CARESENDANGERED
Scientific size3.5 in9 cm total length
Temperature75–82 °F24–28 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardness (GH)very hardup to 446 ppm
Depth3–49 ft1–15 m
DietAufwuchs grazer (algae/diatoms bitten from rock; genus-typical, not species-confirmed)
BreedingMaternal mouthbrooder (presumed, genus-typical)not documented for this species; expected modest (a few dozen eggs)
Sexual dimorphismYesGenus-typical expectation of more vividly coloured breeding males vs. duller females; specific colour scheme not confirmed here.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →
For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature75.2–82.4 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardnessvery hardup to 446 ppm

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium40-gallon breeder36 × 18 × 17 in · 40 gal (151 L)

Aquascape & setup

Hard, alkaline, well-buffered water of the kind that defines Lake Malawi — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Biotope tankmates

Other fish recorded from Lake Malawi, of broadly compatible size — a starting shortlist, not a stocking plan. Always check temperament and territory before mixing.

Hybridization watchi

Pseudotropheus brevis is a rock-dwelling mbuna of Lake Malawi whose Latin name, "short," points to a compact, stocky body relative to the more elongate build of many related Pseudotropheus. It is documented from two southern-lake islands, Boadzulu and Chinyamwezi, sites separated by a meaningful stretch of open water, hinting at a species with more than a single-reef distribution. Like all mbuna, it lives its entire life within a few metres of the rocky shoreline where it hatched, grazing algae and defending a patch of territory against rivals.

What's in the name

Pseudotropheus brevissoo-doh-TROH-fee-us BREV-is

brevis
  • brevisLatinshort — likely describing a comparatively short, stocky body form

Taxonomy & naming

Pseudotropheus brevis belongs to Pseudotropheus, the founding genus of the mbuna — Lake Malawi's radiation of small, aggressive, algae-grazing rock-dwellers — first erected in the early twentieth century and subsequently narrowed as several groups of species were split off into new genera such as Maylandia, Metriaclima, and Chindongo. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes is the reference for the currently accepted describing authority and date for this species, not restated here to avoid an inaccurate citation. The species epithet brevis is simple Latin for "short," almost certainly describing a comparatively short, stocky body form relative to congeners, a common basis for mbuna species names alongside colour and locality.

Morphology

As the name implies, Pseudotropheus brevis is expected to show a relatively short, deep-bodied build compared with the more torpedo-shaped Pseudotropheus species, though precise published measurements are not confidently known here. Mbuna of this genus typically run from about 3–4.5 in total length. The mouth and dentition follow the standard mbuna pattern adapted for scraping algae from rock — a small, terminal mouth with fine, closely packed teeth. Sexual dichromatism is expected to follow the common mbuna pattern of more vividly coloured or barred breeding males against duller, often more cryptically patterned females, though the specific colour scheme of this species is not confirmed here.

Habitat

Pseudotropheus brevis is documented from Boadzulu Island and Chinyamwezi Island, both in the southern part of Lake Malawi — Boadzulu lying off the southeastern shore near Mangochi, Chinyamwezi further north near the Nankumba Peninsula. Like all mbuna, it is a strict rock-dweller, confined to the littoral zone of rocky shoreline and offshore reef where algae-covered boulders provide both food and shelter. Water conditions in these areas follow the standard Lake Malawi profile — warm, hard, and strongly alkaline, broadly in the mid-20s Celsius with a pH on the alkaline side of neutral, typically in the shallow-to-moderate depths mbuna favour.

Feeding

As a mbuna, Pseudotropheus brevis is expected to be primarily an aufwuchs grazer, biting the felted mat of algae, diatoms, and associated micro-invertebrates from the surface of rocks — the defining feeding strategy of the whole mbuna radiation. This diet is fibrous and largely plant-based rather than protein-rich, a fact with direct consequences for aquarium feeding. No species-specific dietary study is documented here, so this account reflects the general feeding ecology of the genus and mbuna tribe rather than a confirmed study of this particular species.

Mating

Reproduction is expected to follow the standard mbuna pattern: polygynous with no pair bond, in which territorial males hold and vigorously defend a patch of rock, displaying to attract females that move between territories. Females are not territorial themselves. No courtship study specific to P. brevis is documented here; this account reflects the general breeding biology shared across Pseudotropheus and the mbuna more broadly.

Breeding

Pseudotropheus brevis is presumed to be a maternal mouthbrooder, as are all mbuna. After spawning at a male's rocky territory, the female takes the fertilised eggs into her mouth and broods them alone, typically for roughly three weeks, before releasing free-swimming fry with no further parental investment. Clutch size is not documented for this species specifically; comparably sized mbuna typically produce clutches on the order of a few dozen eggs.

In the aquarium

Pseudotropheus brevis does not have a well-documented presence in the aquarium hobby; specific keeping notes are not available here. Husbandry would be expected to follow the standard template for a rock-dwelling mbuna: heavily rockwork-furnished tanks to break sightlines and diffuse aggression, hard alkaline water buffered into the high 7s to high 8s pH range, and a diet built primarily around spirulina- or algae-based foods rather than protein-rich fare, which predisposes Malawi mbuna to bloat. As with most mbuna, keeping a crowded group or a single specimen, rather than a small handful, is the usual way to manage intraspecific aggression.

Conservation

No confident IUCN Red List status is available for Pseudotropheus brevis and none is asserted here. As a rock-dwelling mbuna documented from two southern-lake islands, it would be exposed to the general pressures affecting Lake Malawi's littoral reef habitat — ornamental collection, inshore sedimentation, and cumulative fishing pressure — but no formal population assessment is documented in the sources consulted for this article.

In a guide: Lake Malawi mbuna

Sources

  1. malawi.si — Pseudotropheus brevis species page (Konings-based database; localities, distribution)
  2. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes — Species search (California Academy of Sciences; authority for valid names)
  3. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat (Cichlid Press)

Last reviewed 2026-07-22.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Pseudotropheus brevis. Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/pseudotropheus-brevis/

Where it has been recorded

2 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 2
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