Placidochromis sp. "Phenochilus Tanzania"

CARESENDANGERED · as Placidochromis sp.
Scientific size7 in18 cm total length
Temperature73–81 °F23–27 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardness (GH)very hardup to 446 ppm
Depth66–164 ft20–50 m
DietPresumed benthic invertivore, probing sand and rubble for buried prey using thick, sensitive lips; genus-typical, following the pattern of the close relative P. phenochilus.
Breedingmaternal mouthbroodernot documented for this form; moderate-to-large given the group's larger adult size
Sexual dimorphismYesMales develop thick, showy lips and blue breeding colour; females duller, silvery, and lack the pronounced lip development.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →
For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature73.4–80.6 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardnessvery hardup to 446 ppm

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium125-gallon72 × 18 × 23 in · 125 gal (473 L)

Aquascape & setup

Hard, alkaline, well-buffered water of the kind that defines Lake Malawi — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Biotope tankmates

Other fish recorded from Lake Malawi, of broadly compatible size — a starting shortlist, not a stocking plan. Always check temperament and territory before mixing.

Hybridization watchi

Placidochromis sp. "Phenochilus Tanzania" is an undescribed deep-water cichlid from the northern Tanzanian shore of Lake Malawi, recorded at Lupingu, Makonde, and Ngwasi. It is one of several regional trade forms allied to Placidochromis phenochilus, a described species named for its thick, fleshy lips and known in the hobby as a striking blue, deep-sand-zone hap. Ad Konings features this Tanzanian population with a photograph in his book Enjoying Cichlids, underlining its status as a recognised, if still unnamed, form.

What's in the name

Placidochromis sp. "Phenochilus Tanzania"PLASS-ih-doh-KROH-mis, species "FEE-no-KY-lus"

Descriptive nameA descriptive epithet — neither an eponym nor a place name.
Placidochromis
  • placidusLatincalm / peaceful
  • chromisGreeka fish name used broadly as a root for cichlid-type genera
phenochilus
  • phainoGreekto show / appear
  • cheilosGreeklip — together "showing lip," for the thick, fleshy, conspicuous lips of the described relative P. phenochilus
"Tanzania"
  • Tanzaniainformala locality qualifier for the northern Tanzanian shore, distinguishing this population from other phenochilus-type Placidochromis forms recorded elsewhere in the lake. As an undescribed form it has no formal species name.

Taxonomy & naming

Placidochromis sp. "Phenochilus Tanzania" carries no describing author, no publication date, and no entry under a validated name in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes; it is an informal trade name. It follows the standard convention for undescribed cichlids allied to a known species: the genus, a reference to the closely related described species Placidochromis phenochilus (Trewavas, 1935), and a locality qualifier — here "Tanzania" — distinguishing this northern population from P. phenochilus forms recorded elsewhere in the lake. Malawi cichlid specialists recognise several such regional phenochilus-type trade forms across the lake, treating them as distinct entities pending genetic or morphological confirmation rather than lumping them automatically with the nominal species. This particular Tanzanian form is documented with a photograph in Ad Konings' book Enjoying Cichlids, which is evidence of its recognition in the specialist literature even without a formal description.

Morphology

Placidochromis phenochilus and its regional relatives are known for notably thick, fleshy lips — the feature behind the species name — set on a moderately elongate, deep-bodied Placidochromis frame. Breeding males typically show a striking blue body colour. Detailed morphometric data specific to the Tanzanian population have not been published, so the extent to which its lip development and colour intensity match or differ from the nominal P. phenochilus is not established. Genus-typical size for phenochilus-type Placidochromis runs larger than most mbuna, to roughly 6.5–8 in total length, with males somewhat larger than females. Sexual dichromatism is expected to be pronounced, with females duller, silvery, and lacking the thick, showy lips developed by mature males.

Habitat

The form is recorded from three points along the northern Tanzanian shore of Lake Malawi — Lupingu, Makonde, and Ngwasi. Placidochromis phenochilus and its relatives are characteristically deep-water fish, associated with sand and rubble zones well below the depths typically explored by recreational diving, generally in the range of 66–164 ft. The surrounding water follows the general Lake Malawi profile — warm, hard, and alkaline — though deep-water habitat of this kind tends to run cooler, darker, and more thermally stable than the sunlit shallows. Because these depths sit largely beyond the reach of recreational SCUBA, most records of phenochilus-type Placidochromis, in Tanzania as elsewhere in the lake, come from targeted deep-diving expeditions or occasional trawl catches rather than routine survey work, which likely means the true extent of this form's range along the northern Tanzanian shore is understated by the three localities recorded so far.

Feeding

Placidochromis phenochilus and its relatives are understood to be benthic invertivores, using their thick, sensitive lips to probe sand and rubble for buried prey — likely insect larvae, molluscs, and other small invertebrates — in a manner broadly comparable to the sand-probing feeding style seen in some other deep-water Malawi cichlids. The thickened lip tissue is thought to function much like a specialised sensory pad, letting the fish detect and extract prey items from within the substrate without needing to take large mouthfuls of sand the way sand-sifting Lethrinops do. Placidochromis sp. "Phenochilus Tanzania" is presumed to feed similarly, given its close resemblance to the described species, though no dedicated feeding study specific to this population has been published, and the depths involved make direct field observation of feeding behaviour difficult.

Mating

Breeding behaviour has not been documented specifically for this Tanzanian form. By analogy with other phenochilus-type Placidochromis, males are expected to establish territories over sand or rubble at depth and display their blue breeding colour and thickened lips to attract passing females, following the general haplochromine courtship pattern built around egg-spot markings on the anal fin. Because the depths involved — often well beyond recreational diving range — make direct field observation difficult, most behavioural inference for this ecological group comes from analogy with better-studied, shallower Placidochromis species such as P. electra rather than from direct observation of phenochilus-type fish themselves. Detailed behavioural accounts remain scarce even for the formally described relative, let alone this undescribed Tanzanian population.

Breeding

As in all Lake Malawi haplochromines, reproduction is understood to be by maternal mouthbrooding: the female carries the fertilised eggs and subsequent fry in her mouth, without normal feeding, for several weeks until they are ready for independent release, with no further parental role for the male. Clutch size and brooding duration have not been documented for this specific form; genus-typical figures for larger Placidochromis species suggest a moderate-to-large clutch given the group's bigger adult body size. The scarcity of direct field data on reproduction in this ecological group is a direct consequence of its deep-water habitat: unlike shallow-water Placidochromis such as P. electra, which are readily observed and even bred in captivity, deep phenochilus-type populations are rarely kept or bred by hobbyists, leaving a much larger gap between what is assumed from genus-level biology and what has actually been confirmed for this specific Tanzanian form.

In the aquarium

Placidochromis sp. "Phenochilus Tanzania" is an uncommon fish in the trade, reflecting the depth from which it and its relatives are collected. Where kept, a tank should provide a soft sand substrate suited to a fish that naturally probes sediment, open swimming space, and only modest rockwork, since this is a sand- and depth-associated species rather than a cave-dweller. Water chemistry should follow the Lake Malawi standard — hard and alkaline, pH roughly 7.7 to 8.6, temperature 75–82 °F. Given its larger adult size, a generously sized tank of 59 in or more is advisable. Diet should include a quality cichlid pellet supplemented with small live or frozen invertebrates such as bloodworm and mysis shrimp, and fatty foods should be limited given the general susceptibility of Malawi cichlids to digestive bloat.

Conservation

Placidochromis sp. "Phenochilus Tanzania" has not been evaluated by the IUCN and, as an undescribed form, has no Red List status of any kind. Deep-water Lake Malawi cichlids in general are less intensively surveyed than shallow rocky-shore species, since collection and observation both require deeper diving or trawling than the shallow rocky mbuna zones that dominate most fieldwork, and the true range and population status of this Tanzanian form beyond its three recorded localities are not established. Deep-water haplochromines of this kind are more likely to face pressure, if any, from commercial or subsistence fisheries operating over sand and rubble bottoms than from aquarium collection, which tends to concentrate on shallower, more accessible reefs. In the absence of a formal assessment, caution rather than either alarm or reassurance is the appropriate stance.

Sources

  1. malawi.si — Placidochromis (Konings-based species database; Malawi genus overview)
  2. Konings, A. — Enjoying Cichlids (Cichlid Press; features a photograph of Placidochromis sp. "phenochilus tanzania")
  3. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat (Cichlid Press; foremost Malawi field authority; Placidochromis phenochilus)
  4. Cichlid Room Companion — Placidochromis (genus profile)

Last reviewed 2026-07-23.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Placidochromis sp. "Phenochilus Tanzania". Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/placidochromis-sp-phenochilus-tanzania/

Where it has been recorded

3 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 3
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