Pseudotropheus sp. "Ndumbi Gold"

CARESNOT LISTED
Scientific size4 in10 cm total length
Temperature75–82 °F24–28 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardness (GH)very hardup to 446 ppm
Depth10–49 ft3–15 m
DietAlgae grazer (aufwuchs), scraping the algal mat and associated microfauna from rock surfaces (genus-typical Pseudotropheus)
Breedingmaternal mouthbroodernot documented for this form; expected modest (a few dozen eggs), genus-typical
Sexual dimorphismMinimalNo sexual dimorphism documented for this specific population beyond the golden ground colour.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →
For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature75.2–82.4 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardnessvery hardup to 446 ppm

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium75-gallon48 × 18 × 21 in · 75 gal (284 L)

Aquascape & setup

Hard, alkaline, well-buffered water of the kind that defines Lake Malawi — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Biotope tankmates

Other fish recorded from Lake Malawi, of broadly compatible size — a starting shortlist, not a stocking plan. Always check temperament and territory before mixing.

Hybridization watchi

Pseudotropheus sp. "Ndumbi Gold" is an undescribed mbuna cichlid recorded from Ndumbi Rocks, part of the rocky cluster around Likoma Island in central Lake Malawi that also produces Labidochromis gigas, Cynotilapia zebroides, Maylandia zebra, Labeotropheus fuelleborni and several other locality-documented cichlids. Its trade name flags a golden ground colour as the field character distinguishing it from its neighbours on the same reef. It has never been given a formal scientific description; no authority, IUCN status, or FishBase entry should be attached to it.

What's in the name

Pseudotropheus sp. "Ndumbi Gold"SOO-doh-TROH-fee-us, form "en-DOOM-bee gold"

Descriptive nameA descriptive epithet — neither an eponym nor a place name.
Pseudotropheus
  • pseudoGreekfalse
  • trophisGreekwell-fed or nourishing — together, a name distinguishing the genus from Tropheus
"Ndumbi Gold"
  • Ndumbiplace nameNdumbi Rocks, the recorded collection locality
  • Goldinformal (English)for the golden ground colour reported for this population. As an undescribed form it has no formal species name.

Taxonomy & naming

Pseudotropheus sp. "Ndumbi Gold" is an informal, undescribed taxon: no describing author, no publication date, and no entry in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes. The trade name follows the standard two-part convention for undescribed mbuna forms — a locality (Ndumbi Rocks) paired with the colour character used to identify it (Gold). Ndumbi Rocks lies within the same densely collected Likoma Island rock cluster that this atlas separately documents for Labidochromis gigas, Copadichromis diplostigma, Tyrannochromis nigriventer, Cynotilapia zebroides, Maylandia zebra, Labeotropheus fuelleborni and Protomelas marginatus, among others — a reef supporting an unusually rich and partly micro-endemic cichlid community. No confident relationship to a specific described Pseudotropheus has been documented for this form; it should be treated strictly as a locality-based, informally recognised population pending any future taxonomic review.

Morphology

This form carries the standard mbuna body plan shared across Pseudotropheus: a moderately elongate, laterally compressed body and the robust, specialised dentition — bicuspid or unicuspid outer teeth over tricuspid inner rows — used across the genus to graze algae from rock. Its trade name identifies gold as the defining ground colour, the field character collectors use to separate it from the other rock-dwelling cichlids sharing Ndumbi Rocks. Pattern details beyond that base colour — barring, fin markings, and the extent of any difference between males and females — have not been documented in detail for this population. Size is not separately documented and is presumed to sit within the genus-typical Pseudotropheus range of roughly 3–4.5 in.

Habitat

Pseudotropheus sp. "Ndumbi Gold" is recorded from Ndumbi Rocks, part of the rocky shoreline cluster around Likoma Island in central Lake Malawi, an area documented for an unusually dense and diverse mbuna and haplochromine community. Like other Pseudotropheus, it is expected to hold territory in the shallow-to-intermediate rocky zone typical of the genus, among boulders and crevices rather than open sand. No dedicated depth record has been published for this population, so the ranges given here follow the genus-typical envelope for the Likoma area. Water conditions match Lake Malawi's standard littoral profile: warm, hard, and strongly alkaline.

Feeding

As with other Pseudotropheus, this form is expected to be a specialised algae grazer, rasping the aufwuchs mat — filamentous algae, diatoms, cyanobacteria and associated small invertebrates — from rock surfaces using the genus's typical dentition. No feeding study specific to this Ndumbi Rocks population has been published, but this diet is close to universal across rock-dwelling Pseudotropheus and the numerous other mbuna genera documented sharing the same reef. In aufwuchs-grazing cichlids, carotenoid pigments taken up from algae and micro-organisms in the diet are what produce warm gold and yellow body tones such as this population's reported colouration, one reason wild coloration in grazing mbuna can vary somewhat with local diet and water quality; whether that applies to this specific form's gold colour has not been studied.

Mating

Breeding in this genus is polygynous, with territorial males holding rock or crevice sites and displaying to passing females rather than forming lasting pair bonds. Courtship is expected to follow the standard haplochromine pattern documented across Pseudotropheus: a male performs a quivering lateral display to a visiting female, and his anal-fin egg-spots draw her to peck at them after she has deposited her own eggs, fertilising the clutch she is already holding in her mouth. No courtship account specific to this population has been published.

Breeding

Pseudotropheus sp. "Ndumbi Gold" is presumed to be a maternal mouthbrooder, as are all Pseudotropheus. Following courtship, the female is expected to take the fertilised eggs into her mouth and brood them alone through to free-swimming fry, with no paternal care. No clutch data have been published for this specific form; the better-documented, similarly sized Pseudotropheus cyaneorhabdos, recorded from the same general Likoma Island shoreline, produces clutches on the order of 10 to 30 eggs, brooded for roughly 18 to 21 days without feeding, and this Ndumbi Rocks population is presumed to fall in a broadly similar range, though that remains inference by local and genus analogy rather than a measured count for this form itself.

In the aquarium

"Ndumbi Gold" is a niche form with limited hobbyist documentation, generally sought by keepers specifically wanting a Likoma-area Pseudotropheus rather than a mainstream mbuna. Standard genus husbandry applies: dense rockwork with broken sightlines and more territories than the tank's male population, hard alkaline water, and a vegetable-leaning, algae-based diet to avoid the bloat risk common in over-fed rift-lake grazers. Because Ndumbi Rocks supports an unusually large number of distinct locality-documented cichlids, keepers sourcing from this reef should verify identification carefully rather than relying on locality alone, and should avoid mixing look-alike species that may hybridise.

Conservation

Pseudotropheus sp. "Ndumbi Gold" has no IUCN Red List assessment, because it has never been formally described and has no valid scientific name available to be assessed. As a rock-restricted mbuna from an actively collected part of the Likoma Island cluster, it faces the general pressures common to Lake Malawi's mbuna community — localised aquarium-trade collection pressure among them — but no dedicated population data exists to characterise its actual conservation status. The sheer number of distinct, locality-documented cichlids recorded from Ndumbi Rocks and the wider Likoma cluster is itself a marker of a biologically rich, closely watched stretch of shoreline, which at least means future survey attention to the reef is plausible, even though it has not yet translated into a dedicated assessment for this particular gold-coloured form.

In a guide: Lake Malawi mbuna

Sources

  1. malawi.si — Pseudotropheus species and locality database
  2. Cichlid Room Companion — genus Pseudotropheus
  3. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat (Cichlid Press)

Last reviewed 2026-07-23.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Pseudotropheus sp. "Ndumbi Gold". Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/pseudotropheus-sp-ndumbi-gold/

Where it has been recorded

1 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 1
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