Copadichromis sp. "Flavimanus Lundu"

CARESNOT LISTED
Scientific size5 in13 cm total length
Temperature75–82 °F24–28 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Depth10–82 ft3–25 m
DietOpen-water zooplanktivore (utaka)
Breedingmaternal mouthbrooder; males build sand-crater nestsnot documented for this population; expected several dozen eggs by genus comparison
Sexual dimorphismYesNot documented in detail for this population. The shared epithet with the related utaka Mchenga flavimanus (Latin 'yellow-handed') suggests yellow colouring on the fins of breeding males, though the precise pattern for this Lundu population is not independently confirmed.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →
For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature75.2–82.4 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium75-gallon48 × 18 × 21 in · 75 gal (284 L)

Aquascape & setup

Hard, alkaline, well-buffered water of the kind that defines Lake Malawi — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Biotope tankmates

Other fish recorded from Lake Malawi, of broadly compatible size — a starting shortlist, not a stocking plan. Always check temperament and territory before mixing.

Hybridization watchi

Copadichromis sp. "Flavimanus Lundu" is an undescribed utaka documented from Lundu, on the Tanzanian shore of Lake Malawi. Its trade name shares an epithet with Mchenga flavimanus, a related sand-nesting utaka documented from Kande Island in the closely allied genus Mchenga — Latin for "yellow-handed," read in the hobby as pointing to yellow colouring on the fins. This Lundu population circulates under Copadichromis in the field and trade literature rather than Mchenga, and whether it belongs with one genus, the other, or neither with confidence is not established here.

What's in the name

Copadichromis sp. "Flavimanus Lundu"koh-pad-ih-KROH-miss, form "flav-ih-MAH-nus LOON-doo"

Descriptive nameA descriptive epithet — neither an eponym nor a place name.
Copadichromis
  • kopas, kopadosGreeka swarm or shoal of fish
  • chromisGreeka perch-like fish name dating to Aristotle, long used as the classic suffix for cichlid genera
"Flavimanus"
  • flavusLatinyellow
  • manusLatinhand — together "yellow-handed," borrowed from the related species Mchenga flavimanus and read as a reference to yellow fin colouring
"Lundu"
  • Lunduotherthe collecting locality on the Tanzanian shore

Taxonomy & naming

Copadichromis sp. "Flavimanus Lundu" is not a formally described species. Its trade name borrows the epithet of Mchenga flavimanus, a species documented from Kande Island in Lake Malawi and placed in Mchenga — a genus erected by Stauffer and McKaye for a group of sand-nesting utaka closely related to Copadichromis, distinguished mainly by details of male bower construction and breeding behaviour; "Mchenga" is itself a local word for sand. Mchenga flavimanus’s own describing authority is not confidently established even in the primary reference this account draws on, so none should be invented for either species. Despite sharing an epithet with a Mchenga species, this Lundu, Tanzania population is documented and traded under Copadichromis, following the field convention given here rather than an independent taxonomic judgement. Whether it is a Copadichromis population that simply echoes the flavimanus name, a population that itself belongs in Mchenga, or something else entirely has not been resolved.

Morphology

This form is expected to share the fusiform, silvery build typical of the open-water utaka group that includes both Copadichromis and Mchenga. Size has not been documented for this specific population; a comparable Mchenga/Copadichromis utaka of this kind is estimated around 5 in total length, and that range is a reasonable working estimate. Colour is the reason for the trade name: flavimanus is Latin for "yellow-handed," understood in the hobby as a reference to yellow colouring on the paired fins of breeding males, though the precise pattern is not documented in detail even for the nominal Mchenga flavimanus. Females are expected to be plainer and more silvery, per the wider utaka pattern. Whether the Lundu population shows this yellow fin colouring has not been independently confirmed.

Habitat

The population is documented from Lundu, on the Tanzanian shore of Lake Malawi. Mchenga flavimanus, the species sharing this population’s epithet, is documented over sandy bottoms rather than solid rock — consistent with the wider Mchenga/Copadichromis pattern of open-water utaka that shoal above sand and build sand-crater spawning nests rather than sheltering in rock crevices. If this population shares that ecology, it would be expected in a similar open-sand, near-reef habitat. Water conditions follow the lake-wide standard: warm, hard, and strongly alkaline.

Feeding

As a member of the utaka assemblage, this population is expected to be a specialist zooplanktivore, picking small planktonic animals from open water with a fast, protrusible mouth built for engulfing individual copepods and other drifting prey. Both Copadichromis and Mchenga rely on numerous long, fine gill rakers to strain plankton from the water passing through the gills, the shared anatomical toolkit that defines the utaka feeding guild across genus boundaries. Because Mchenga species forage chiefly over sand rather than solid rock, they are thought to work a slightly different stratum of the water column than reef-hugging utaka, closer to the open substrate where their sand-nesting breeding habit also plays out. No feeding study specific to the Lundu population has been published; this account follows the pattern documented for its close Mchenga and Copadichromis relatives.

Mating

Mating in Mchenga flavimanus follows the utaka pattern of male sand-nest construction: breeding males abandon the open-water shoal to dig and defend crater-shaped nests on the lake floor, structures that have made this group a reference point in the study of cichlid bower building generally. A male excavates his crater by repeatedly scooping sand in his mouth and depositing it at the rim, building a raised, saucer-like structure that both advertises his fitness and gives females a landmark spawning site to visit; several males often build within sight of one another, forming a loose lek across the sand flat. This population is expected to follow a similar pattern by analogy, though no observations specific to Lundu have been published.

Breeding

Copadichromis sp. "Flavimanus Lundu" is expected to be a maternal mouthbrooder, as are all members of this utaka assemblage. A female spawns at the male’s sand-crater nest, takes the eggs into her mouth, and is drawn to his egg-spot markings, taking in the milt that fertilises the clutch she already holds. She broods the eggs and fry for roughly three to four weeks before releasing free-swimming young, with no further male role after spawning. Clutch size has not been documented for either the nominal Mchenga flavimanus or this population; a modest brood of several dozen eggs is expected by genus comparison.

In the aquarium

Copadichromis sp. "Flavimanus Lundu" is an uncommon fish in the trade, most likely to appear as a wild import sold under its collecting locality. Husbandry should follow the general open-water utaka template: a tank of at least 59 in with generous swimming room, a sand substrate deep enough to reflect the sand-nesting habits documented in its close relatives, and modest rock structure rather than dense cover. Water should be warm, hard, and strongly alkaline, matching the Lake Malawi standard, with regular partial water changes. A single male with several females is the sensible stocking ratio, and diet should be varied — quality flake or pellet plus frozen zooplankton-type foods such as brine shrimp and mysis. Calm tankmates, such as other utaka or peacocks, suit it better than aggressive mbuna.

Conservation

Copadichromis sp. "Flavimanus Lundu" has not been evaluated by the IUCN, and as an undescribed or unresolved form it has no Red List status of any kind. As an inshore, shoaling utaka it likely faces the general pressures affecting this feeding guild across Lake Malawi: artisanal net fishing for the food market, which targets utaka species broadly, alongside localized ornamental collection. The sand-nesting habit shared with its Mchenga relatives ties it to a specific, structurally simple habitat — open, undisturbed sand flats — that is itself vulnerable to trawling and to the physical disturbance of bottom sediment, a pressure distinct from overfishing of the fish themselves. The honest summary is that it is unassessed.

Sources

  1. malawi.si — Copadichromis species and locality-form database (Konings-based; distribution, biotope)
  2. Cichlid Room Companion — Copadichromis genus overview (Ad Konings, curator)
  3. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat (Cichlid Press; foremost Malawi field authority)

Last reviewed 2026-07-23.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Copadichromis sp. "Flavimanus Lundu". Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/copadichromis-sp-flavimanus-lundu/

Where it has been recorded

1 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 1
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