Copadichromis sp. "Makanjila"

CARESNOT LISTED
Scientific size5 in13 cm total length
Temperature75–82 °F24–28 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Depth26–82 ft8–25 m
DietOpen-water zooplanktivore (utaka)
Breedingmaternal mouthbroodernot documented for this population; utaka-typical, likely a few dozen eggs per brood
Sexual dimorphismYesNot documented for this form; genus-typical utaka dichromatism is expected, in which dominant males develop stronger colour for breeding while females remain plain and silvery.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →
For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature75.2–82.4 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium75-gallon48 × 18 × 21 in · 75 gal (284 L)

Aquascape & setup

Hard, alkaline, well-buffered water of the kind that defines Lake Malawi — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Biotope tankmates

Other fish recorded from Lake Malawi, of broadly compatible size — a starting shortlist, not a stocking plan. Always check temperament and territory before mixing.

Hybridization watchi

Copadichromis sp. "Makanjila" is an undescribed utaka documented from Makanjila Rocks, in the southeastern arm of Lake Malawi near the Mozambique border. It has no formal scientific name. Like several other Copadichromis trade names, "Makanjila" is a plain locality tag: the rocks are a well-documented site for numerous mbuna forms in other genera, and this population is simply the open-water utaka recorded from the same stretch of reef.

What's in the name

Copadichromis sp. "Makanjila"koh-pad-ih-KROH-miss, form "mah-kan-JEE-lah"

Descriptive nameA descriptive epithet — neither an eponym nor a place name.
Copadichromis
  • kopas, kopadosGreeka swarm or shoal of fish
  • chromisGreeka perch-like fish name dating to Aristotle, long used as the classic suffix for cichlid genera
"Makanjila"
  • MakanjilaotherMakanjila Rocks, the collecting locality in the southeastern arm of Lake Malawi near the Mozambique border

Taxonomy & naming

Copadichromis sp. "Makanjila" is not a formally described species. It has no describing author, no year of publication, and no entry in Eschmeyer’s Catalog of Fishes. The trade name follows the standard convention for an undescribed Copadichromis — genus, "sp.," and a descriptive tag — here simply the collecting locality, Makanjila Rocks, without a colour qualifier or borrowed species epithet. Makanjila Rocks is a well-documented reef and point in the southeastern arm of Lake Malawi, close to the Mozambique border, recorded elsewhere for locality forms of Tropheops, Maylandia, Petrotilapia, Labeotropheus, and Pseudotropheus — a genuinely diverse rock-dwelling community. This Copadichromis population is the genus’s open-water utaka representative from the same site rather than a form linked to any specific described relative. Copadichromis as a genus was erected by Eccles and Trewavas in 1989 for Lake Malawi’s shoaling, zooplankton-feeding cichlids.

Morphology

This form is expected to share the fusiform, silvery build typical of the open-water utaka. Size has not been documented for this population specifically; genus-typical utaka of this kind run roughly 4.5–5.5 in total length as adults. Colour has not been documented in detail in the sources available for this account, and the trade name itself offers no hint of a specific pattern, so none should be guessed at. Genus-typical sexual dichromatism — colouring, territorial males against plainer, silvery females — is expected by analogy with the wider genus rather than confirmed for this population.

Habitat

The population is documented from Makanjila Rocks, in the southeastern arm of Lake Malawi. Like other Copadichromis, it is expected to occupy the open water just off the rocks rather than the rock structure itself, shoaling and feeding above sand in the productive inshore zone typical utaka favour, in contrast to the many rock-dwelling mbuna documented at the same site. Water conditions follow the lake-wide standard: warm, hard, and strongly alkaline. Its range beyond Makanjila Rocks is not established for this specific population.

Feeding

As a utaka, this population is expected to be a specialist zooplanktivore, hovering in open water and picking individual copepods and other small planktonic animals from the water column with a fast, protrusible mouth and numerous fine gill rakers. That places it in a different feeding guild from the many algae-grazing mbuna also recorded at Makanjila Rocks — the two groups exploit the same reef from different directions, the mbuna working the rock surface itself and the utaka the open water just beyond it, which likely reduces direct competition between them. No feeding study specific to this population has been published; this account follows the pattern documented across the genus.

Mating

Utaka mating follows a lek-like pattern with no pair bond. Mature males are expected to establish spawning sites near the reef — typically a sand bower or a territory at the rock-sand interface — and display there in nuptial colour to draw passing females, who move through the area in loose schools outside of breeding. Because Makanjila Rocks is documented as a genuinely diverse site for several mbuna genera, a displaying Copadichromis male here is competing for female attention amid substantial background activity from unrelated rock-dwelling species, though how that affects display behaviour has not been documented. No courtship observations specific to the Makanjila population have been published.

Breeding

Copadichromis sp. "Makanjila" is expected to be a maternal mouthbrooder, the reproductive strategy shared by the entire genus. A spawning female takes her eggs into her mouth immediately and is drawn to the egg-spot markings on the displaying male’s anal fin, taking in the milt that fertilises the clutch already held in her buccal cavity. She then broods the eggs and fry alone for roughly three to four weeks before releasing free-swimming young. Clutch size has not been documented for this population; utaka of this size typically carry a few dozen eggs per brood.

In the aquarium

Copadichromis sp. "Makanjila" is an uncommon locality utaka in the trade. Keepers taking it on should follow the general template for an open-water Malawi utaka: a tank of at least 59 in, with a large open span of fine sand and only modest rock structure, suits this shoaling, midwater fish far better than the dense rockwork built for the many mbuna also collected at Makanjila Rocks. Water chemistry should match Lake Malawi — warm, hard, and strongly alkaline — with regular partial water changes to keep nitrate low. A single male with several females is the standard low-stress stocking ratio, and diet should be varied, built around a quality flake or pellet supplemented with frozen zooplankton-type foods. Calm tankmates such as other utaka or peacocks are a better match than the aggressive mbuna this locality is better known for.

Conservation

Copadichromis sp. "Makanjila" has not been evaluated by the IUCN, and as an undescribed form it has no Red List status of any kind. As an inshore utaka from the southeastern arm of the lake, it faces the general pressures affecting Lake Malawi’s open-water cichlid fauna: artisanal net fishing, which targets utaka broadly as a food fish, alongside ornamental collection given the site’s evident popularity for several genera. It should be described as unassessed rather than assigned any inferred status.

Sources

  1. malawi.si — Copadichromis species and locality-form database (Konings-based; distribution, biotope)
  2. Cichlid Room Companion — Copadichromis genus overview (Ad Konings, curator)
  3. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat (Cichlid Press; foremost Malawi field authority)

Last reviewed 2026-07-23.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Copadichromis sp. "Makanjila". Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/copadichromis-sp-makanjila/

Where it has been recorded

1 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 1
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