Genus Maylandia

Maylandia sp. "Aggressive Greyhead"

CARESNOT LISTED
Scientific size4.5 in11 cm total length
Temperature75–82 °F24–28 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardness (GH)very hardup to 357 ppm
Depth7–49 ft2–15 m
DietAufwuchs grazer (genus-typical), scraping algal film and associated invertebrates from rock surfaces.
BreedingMaternal mouthbrooder (polygynous, male-territorial; cave/crevice territory presumed)Not documented for this form; genus-typical range roughly 12-40 eggs
Sexual dimorphismYesTrade name implies grey colouring on the head, distinguishing males from a similar sympatric form; full pattern and any female-specific colouring not formally documented.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →
For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature75.2–82.4 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardnessvery hardup to 357 ppm

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium75-gallon48 × 18 × 21 in · 75 gal (284 L)

Aquascape & setup

Hard, alkaline, well-buffered water of the kind that defines Lake Malawi — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Biotope tankmates

Other fish recorded from Lake Malawi, of broadly compatible size — a starting shortlist, not a stocking plan. Always check temperament and territory before mixing.

Hybridization watchi

Maylandia sp. "Aggressive Greyhead" is an undescribed rock-dwelling mbuna recorded at Nakantenga Island, a small rocky island off Malawi's central-west shore near Senga Bay. Its trade name combines a colour feature — grey colouring across the head — with a behavioural qualifier, "aggressive", a label field collectors have long used to separate similar-looking mbuna forms that turn out to differ in temperament when kept or observed closely. The colour description beyond the grey head has not been formally published, and this article does not go further than what the name and genus placement support.

What's in the name

Maylandia sp. "Aggressive Greyhead"may-LAN-dee-uh, form "a-GRESS-iv GRAY-hed"

Descriptive nameA descriptive epithet — neither an eponym nor a place name.
Maylandia
  • Maylandeponymfor Hans J. Mayland (1928-2004), German aquarist and aquarium-book author, honoured in the genus name
"Aggressive Greyhead"
  • aggressiveinformal (English)a behavioural qualifier used to distinguish this form from a similar-looking, less territorial form recorded at the same locality
  • greyheadinformal (English)for grey colouring reported on the head. As an undescribed form it has no formal species name.

Taxonomy & naming

Maylandia sp. "Aggressive Greyhead" has no describing author and no entry in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes; it is a hobby and locality-database trade name, not a validated scientific one. Maylandia is the genus into which most of the Lake Malawi "zebra-complex" mbuna were moved, honouring the German aquarist and author Hans J. Mayland; several of its species were long carried under Pseudotropheus before the split. The genus is large, colour-polymorphic across localities, and includes numerous undescribed local forms distinguished by subtle differences in head and body colour rather than by measurable characters. The "aggressive" qualifier in this trade name follows a documented convention among Malawi cichlid collectors and researchers, who have used behavioural labels to distinguish superficially similar mbuna forms occurring at the same locality when colour alone does not reliably separate them; it implies this form was noted as more territorial or combative than a co-occurring look-alike at Nakantenga Island, though the specific comparison has not been documented in the sources consulted here.

Morphology

"Aggressive Greyhead" is expected to share the standard Maylandia build: a moderately deep, laterally compressed body with a blunt head and a mouth positioned for scraping algae from rock surfaces, the typical mbuna body plan. As the name implies, the head is reported to carry grey colouring, likely contrasting with a different body tone, but the full pattern has not been formally described. Genus-typical size for Maylandia mbuna runs to roughly 3.5–4.5 in total length; no validated maximum has been published for this form specifically. Breeding males would be expected to show the strongest expression of the grey head colouring, with females typically duller and, in many Maylandia species, carrying a different base colour altogether.

Habitat

Nakantenga Island is a small, rocky island locality on Lake Malawi's central-west shore in the general vicinity of Senga Bay, offering the steep rock faces and boulder fields typical of mbuna habitat. "Aggressive Greyhead" was recorded there; specific depth data are not available, but genus-typical Maylandia occupy the rocky shallows from roughly 7–49 ft, sheltering in crevices and holding territory over favoured feeding rocks. Mbuna in general show strong site fidelity, rarely moving more than a few dozen metres from a home rock pile over a lifetime — a pattern of limited dispersal identified by early Lake Malawi researchers such as Ribbink and colleagues as a key driver of the group's extraordinary local diversification, since populations on separated rock outcrops become genetically isolated from one another even at short distances.

Feeding

As in other Maylandia, this form is presumed to be an aufwuchs grazer, scraping the algal film and associated diatoms and small invertebrates from rock surfaces with specialised, closely packed teeth. No feeding study specific to this form has been published, but there is no reason from genus placement to expect a different diet. Mbuna dentition is adapted for this grazing lifestyle: numerous small, closely packed teeth arranged in rows are shed and replaced continuously through life, and different mbuna genera and species partition the same rock surface by targeting algae at different depths within the aufwuchs mat, a trophic specialisation documented across the group since Fryer and Iles' influential 1972 ecomorphological study.

Mating

Maylandia breeding follows the standard mbuna pattern: males hold and defend a cave or rock crevice territory against rivals, displaying to females that enter to inspect the site before spawning. The "aggressive" element of this form's trade name suggests unusually vigorous territorial defence, consistent with general mbuna courtship and territorial behaviour, though no direct observation of this specific form's mating behaviour has been published. As in essentially all Malawi mbuna, courting males are expected to display the egg-spot markings on the anal fin that mimic eggs, prompting the female to mouth at them during spawning and draw in sperm to fertilise the clutch she is already collecting.

Breeding

Reproduction is maternal mouthbrooding, as in all Maylandia: spawning takes place at the male's territory, after which the female collects the fertilised eggs into her mouth and carries the developing brood alone for roughly three weeks before releasing free-swimming fry. Clutch size has not been documented for this form; genus-typical broods run to roughly 12–40 eggs depending on female size. Incubation at typical Lake Malawi temperatures runs close to three weeks, during which the brooding female feeds little if at all and often withdraws to a sheltered rock crevice; fry are released well developed and immediately able to shelter among the rocks.

In the aquarium

This is a scarce, locality-specific form reaching the hobby only through specialist Malawi cichlid importers. Standard mbuna care applies: a heavily rock-aquascaped tank with abundant line-of-sight breaks, hard alkaline water matching Lake Malawi chemistry, and a vegetable-forward diet to suit its grazing habit. Given the behavioural implication in its trade name, keepers should expect this form to run on the more territorial end of the mbuna spectrum and should stock tankmates and territory space accordingly, with a low male-to-female ratio to spread aggression. A tank of at least 47 in with dense, stable rockwork built to the substrate rather than resting on it, to prevent collapse, best replicates its natural territory structure, and a vegetable-based flake or pellet diet with limited protein helps avoid the digestive problems mbuna are prone to on richer foods.

Conservation

As an undescribed form, "Aggressive Greyhead" has not been assessed by the IUCN and carries no conservation status. Nakantenga Island and the wider Senga Bay area are established collection points for the aquarium trade, and mbuna populations at heavily fished, easily accessible rocky localities can be locally depleted by sustained over-collection, but no population data specific to this form are available. More broadly, this is a structural gap common to many Malawi mbuna: an undescribed, single-locality form cannot receive an IUCN assessment without a formal description, even though a population confined to one rock reef can be as vulnerable to local over-collection or habitat disturbance as many formally listed species.

In a guide: Lake Malawi mbuna

Sources

  1. malawi.si — species and locality database (Konings-based)
  2. Cichlid Room Companion — Maylandia genus overview (Ad Konings, curator)
  3. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat (Cichlid Press; foremost Malawi field authority)

Last reviewed 2026-07-23.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Maylandia sp. "Aggressive Greyhead". Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/maylandia-sp-aggressive-greyhead/

Where it has been recorded

1 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 1
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