Genus Maylandia

Maylandia sp. "Zebra Gold"

Zebra Gold

CARESNOT LISTED
Scientific size4 in10 cm total length
Temperature75–82 °F24–28 °C
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardness (GH)very hardup to 446 ppm
Depth7–49 ft2–15 m
DietAlgae grazer, scraping aufwuchs from rock surfaces using comb-like teeth
Breedingmaternal mouthbroodernot documented for this form; expected modest, a few dozen eggs, by analogy with similarly sized Maylandia
Sexual dimorphismYesNaturally golden-yellow body colour (rather than the complex's typical blue), generally with the zebra complex's vertical barring still visible.
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →
For the aquarist

Replicate this biotopei

Target water

Temperature75.2–82.4 °F
pH7.7–8.6alkaline
Hardnessvery hardup to 446 ppm

Recommended tank

Standard aquarium75-gallon48 × 18 × 21 in · 75 gal (284 L)

Aquascape & setup

Hard, alkaline, well-buffered water of the kind that defines Lake Malawi — stability matters more than chasing a single number.

Build the hardscape first: stacked rock with caves, crevices and sight-lines breaks up territories the way a rocky shoreline does in the wild. Open swimming room, bright light and strong, well-oxygenated flow round it out. A fine sand bed reads as natural and is kind to digging mouths.

Biotope tankmates

Other fish recorded from Lake Malawi, of broadly compatible size — a starting shortlist, not a stocking plan. Always check temperament and territory before mixing.

Hybridization watchi

Maylandia sp. "Zebra Gold" is an undescribed member of the Lake Malawi zebra mbuna complex, recorded from a cluster of localities on the west-central Malawian shore. It belongs to the group of rock-dwelling mbuna popularly known simply as "zebras" for their bold vertical barring, but this particular form is distinguished by a naturally occurring golden-yellow body colour rather than the blue ground colour typical of the complex — a genuine wild colour morph documented within the zebra group rather than an aquarium-bred variety. It has never been formally described, so no authority, publication year, FishBase number, or IUCN status should be attached to it.

What's in the name

Maylandia sp. "Zebra Gold"may-LAND-ee-ah, form "ZEE-bruh gohld"

Descriptive nameA descriptive epithet — neither an eponym nor a place name.
Maylandia
  • Maylandeponymhonours Hans-Joachim Mayland, German aquarium author and cichlid researcher; the genus was erected by Meyer & Foerster (1984)
"Zebra Gold"
  • Zebrainformal (English, via the group's common name)the vertically barred pattern typical of the Maylandia zebra species complex
  • Goldinformal (English)a naturally occurring golden-yellow colouration that replaces the usual blue ground colour in some populations of this complex. As an undescribed form it carries no formal Latin epithet

Taxonomy & naming

Maylandia sp. "Zebra Gold" has no formal scientific name, describing author, or Catalog of Fishes entry. The genus Maylandia was erected by Meyer and Foerster in 1984, named in honour of Hans-Joachim Mayland, a German aquarium author who contributed substantially to the early cichlid literature; the genus has at times been treated as a synonym of Metriaclima in the taxonomic literature, and readers researching this fish may encounter it under either name. This form belongs to the broad Maylandia zebra species complex, the group whose bold, vertically barred pattern gives it the "zebra" common name across the hobby. The "Gold" qualifier in the trade name distinguishes it from the far more familiar blue-bodied zebra forms recorded from the same general area; it should not be confused with selectively bred aquarium-strain "gold" colour varieties of unrelated species, since this is presented as a naturally occurring wild population.

Morphology

A moderately elongate, laterally compressed mbuna on the standard Maylandia zebra-complex build, with the blunt head and comb-like teeth typical of algae-grazing mbuna. The defining feature of this form is colouration: rather than the blue ground colour typical of most zebra-complex populations, males and females of "Zebra Gold" carry a golden-yellow body colour, generally with the vertical barring pattern that gives the wider zebra group its name still visible against the gold ground. Because the form is undescribed, no formally published measurements or diagnostic characters beyond this colouration are available; size is assumed to fall within the genus-typical range for the zebra complex.

Habitat

This form is recorded from a cluster of localities along the west-central Malawian shore, from Charo and Kakusa in the north of its range down to Mundola Point and Sanga further south, plus records from Nkhata Bay and Lions Cove. Like other members of the zebra complex it occupies rocky habitat in the shallow-to-intermediate zone, where algal turf is abundant on wave-washed rock. Water conditions follow the lake's standard chemistry: warm, hard, and alkaline, with temperature in the mid-20s Celsius and pH on the alkaline side of neutral.

Feeding

Maylandia sp. "Zebra Gold" grazes aufwuchs from rock surfaces, the standard feeding mode for the zebra mbuna complex and for algae-grazing mbuna generally, using comb-like teeth to scrape the mixed film of algae, diatoms, and micro-invertebrates from sunlit rock. The aufwuchs itself is not a single food but a whole microhabitat -- filamentous and diatomaceous algae bound up with detritus and the small invertebrates that live within it -- so a grazing mbuna takes in a mixed, protein-and-fibre diet in a single bite rather than pure plant matter. Because algal turf grows fastest where sunlight and wave action are both strong, feeding activity and territorial defence of good grazing patches are concentrated in the same shallow, wave-exposed rock that territorial males also use for breeding, tying the two behaviours to the same stretch of habitat.

Mating

Breeding behaviour has not been separately documented for this specific golden form, but the Maylandia zebra complex follows the standard mbuna pattern: territorial males hold and defend small rock territories, displaying breeding colouration to attract passing females, with no pair bond and no male involvement beyond courtship and fertilisation. As in other maternal mouthbrooders of the lake, the male's anal fin carries egg-spot markings -- round, egg-like blotches of colour -- that play a role in courtship: a female collecting her own eggs after spawning is drawn to peck at these spots as though they were additional eggs, and in doing so takes in the sperm needed to fertilise the clutch she already holds. This egg-spot mechanism is one of the more thoroughly documented features of haplochromine courtship across Lake Malawi and is assumed, by strong genus-level precedent, to operate in this form as well.

Breeding

Reproduction follows the standard Lake Malawi haplochromine pattern of maternal mouthbrooding: the female collects fertilised eggs into her mouth immediately after spawning and broods them for roughly three to four weeks before releasing free-swimming fry, with no further parental care. Clutch size has not been documented for this form; by analogy with similarly sized Maylandia, a clutch of a few dozen eggs is a reasonable expectation. After release, free-swimming fry of Lake Malawi cichlids typically seek out shallow, structurally complex refuge -- crevices among rocks or, for sand-associated species, cover near the shoreline -- where they are less exposed to predators than in open water, sometimes continuing to shelter near the mother for a short period even though she provides no further direct care once they are released.

In the aquarium

Maylandia sp. "Zebra Gold" is popular precisely because its golden colouration stands out strongly against the blue-and-black rockwork typical of a Malawi biotope tank. It is kept in the standard zebra-mbuna setup: a rock-dominated tank over fine sand, with distinct rock piles and clear sightline breaks so a dominant male does not monopolise the whole tank. A footprint of at least 47 in suits a harem group of one male to several females.

Water should replicate Lake Malawi conditions: temperature in the mid-20s Celsius, pH roughly 7.7 to 8.6, and moderately hard to hard water, held stable. Diet should lean vegetable, built around a spirulina-based flake or pellet, with protein-rich foods offered only occasionally to reduce the risk of bloat. Because a naturally golden wild form is more visually distinctive than most zebra-complex fish, keepers wanting to preserve the wild line should be careful not to cross it with unrelated golden-strain mbuna sold under similar trade names.

Conservation

Maylandia sp. "Zebra Gold" has not been evaluated by the IUCN and, as an undescribed form, has no Red List assessment of any kind. Its recorded range is a cluster of Malawian localities in one part of the lake, the typical narrow-endemic pattern for rock-dwelling mbuna, which leaves any single locality vulnerable to concentrated over-collection. Because its distinctive golden colour makes it especially desirable in the aquarium trade, it may face proportionally more targeted collection pressure than similarly restricted blue zebra-complex forms, making captive-bred stock the more sustainable source.

In a guide: Lake Malawi mbuna

Sources

  1. malawi.si — Konings-based Lake Malawi cichlid species and locality database
  2. Cichlid Room Companion — Malawi cichlid genus and undescribed-form references (Ad Konings, curator)
  3. Konings, A. — Malawi Cichlids in their Natural Habitat (Cichlid Press)

Last reviewed 2026-07-23.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Maylandia sp. "Zebra Gold". Aquarist Atlas. https://www.aquaristatlas.com/species/maylandia-sp-zebra-gold/

Where it has been recorded

8 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it; the fish aren't on dry land.

Literature occurrence: 8
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